Mitochondrial glutaminolysis

Mitochondrial glutaminolysis is a metabolic process in which the amino acid glutamine is broken down inside the mitochondria to produce energy and metabolic intermediates.
(粒線體麩醯胺酸分解作用是一種代謝過程，其中胺基酸麩醯胺酸在粒線體內被分解，以產生能量和代謝中間產物。)

Here’s what happens in simple terms:
(以下是簡單的說明：)

Glutamine is converted to glutamate.
(麩醯胺酸會被轉換成麩胺酸。)

Glutamate is then converted to α-ketoglutarate, a key molecule in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle.
(麩胺酸接著被轉換成 α-酮戊二酸，這是三羧酸循環（TCA 循環）中的重要分子。)

This fuels the TCA cycle, helping cells generate ATP (energy) and produce building blocks needed for growth.
(這會為 TCA 循環提供能量，協助細胞產生 ATP（能量）並製造生長所需的構成物質。)

Glutaminolysis is especially important in rapidly dividing cells such as cancer cells, which rely heavily on glutamine metabolism to support their energy needs and biosynthesis.
(麩醯胺酸分解作用在快速分裂的細胞中特別重要，例如癌細胞，它們高度依賴麩醯胺酸代謝來支撐能量需求與生物合成。)

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Glutamine (麩醯胺酸)

Glutamine (麩醯胺酸) vs. L-Glutamic acid (L-Glutamate)(穀胺酸);_WJD_2025-1117_

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資訊來源：

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Placeholder 湯偉晉編寫的英文字典

Placeholder 湯偉晉編寫的英文字典

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