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Nicolaus Copernicus (19 February 1473 – 24 May 1543) was a Renaissance polymath, active as a mathematician, astronomer, and Catholic canon, who formulated a model of the universe that placed the Sun rather than Earth at its center.
(尼古拉．哥白尼)（1473年2月19日－1543年5月24日）是一位文藝復興時期的博學家，活躍於數學、天文學和天主教教士領域，他提出了一個以太陽而非地球為中心的宇宙模型。)
In all likelihood, Copernicus developed his model independently of Aristarchus of Samos, an ancient Greek astronomer who had formulated such a model some eighteen centuries earlier.
(極有可能，哥白尼是獨立於古希臘天文學家薩摩斯的阿里斯塔克斯提出其模型的，後者在約十八個世紀前已經設想了類似的模型。)
The publication of Copernicus's model in his book *De revolutionibus orbium coelestium* (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres), just before his death in 1543, was a major event in the history of science, triggering the Copernican Revolution and making a pioneering contribution to the Scientific Revolution.
(哥白尼在1543年臨終前出版其著作《天體運行論》，其中描述了他的模型，這成為科學史上的一大事件，引發了哥白尼革命，並對科學革命作出了開創性的貢獻。)
A polyglot and polymath, he obtained a doctorate in canon law and was a mathematician, astronomer, physician, classics scholar, translator, governor, diplomat, and economist.
(身為多語者及博學家，他獲得了教會法博士學位，並且是數學家、天文學家、醫生、古典學者、翻譯家、行政官、外交官和經濟學家。)
From 1497 he was a Warmian Cathedral chapter canon.
(自1497年起，他成為瓦爾米亞大教堂教士會的成員。)
In 1517 he derived a quantity theory of money—a key concept in economics—and in 1519 he formulated an economic principle that later came to be called Gresham's law.
(1517年，他提出了貨幣數量理論——這是經濟學中的一個關鍵概念；1519年，他又闡述了一個後來被稱為格雷欣法則的經濟原則。)
(中文由 ChatGPT 負責翻譯)
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