judicial investigation (司法偵查)

judicial inquiry (司法調查)

judicial investigation (司法偵查)

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1. A judicial inquiry is a formal process conducted by a judge or a judicial body to examine facts, events, or public concerns, usually to determine truth or responsibility without necessarily leading to criminal prosecution.

   (司法調查是由法官或司法機關進行的一種正式程序，用來檢視事實、事件或公共關注，通常是為了釐清真相或責任，而不一定會導致刑事起訴。)

2. It is often public, aims to promote transparency, and its findings may influence policy or future legal actions, but it does not impose direct penalties.

   (它通常是公開的，目的在於促進透明，其結論可能會影響政策或未來的法律行動，但它本身並不直接施加處罰。)

3. A judicial investigation, on the other hand, is part of the legal process where a judge or investigating magistrate gathers evidence in relation to a crime.

   (相對地，司法偵查則是法律程序的一部分，由法官或調查法官蒐集與犯罪有關的證據。)

4. Its purpose is to establish whether there is enough evidence to prosecute and potentially convict someone of a criminal offense.

   (其目的在於判斷是否有足夠的證據來起訴，並有可能定罪某人。)

5. In short, a judicial inquiry is fact-finding and often broader in scope, while a judicial investigation is case-specific and focused on potential criminal liability.

   (簡而言之，司法調查是事實查明，範圍通常較廣；而司法偵查則針對具體案件，重點在於可能的刑事責任。)

(中文由 ChatGPT 負責翻譯)

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好的，以下我將表格逐句翻譯成繁體中文，保持「英文在前、中文在後」的格式：

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1. Aspect

   (面向)

2. Judicial Inquiry

   (司法調查)

3. Judicial Investigation

   (司法偵查)

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4. Definition: A formal process by a judge/judicial body to examine facts, events, or public concerns.

   (定義：由法官或司法機關進行的一種正式程序，用來檢視事實、事件或公共關注。)

5. Definition: A legal process where a judge or investigating magistrate gathers evidence about a crime.

   (定義：一種法律程序，由法官或調查法官蒐集與犯罪有關的證據。)

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6. Purpose: To uncover truth or responsibility, often linked to public interest.

   (目的：揭露真相或釐清責任，通常與公共利益相關。)

7. Purpose: To determine if there is enough evidence to prosecute and convict.

   (目的：判斷是否有足夠的證據進行起訴並可能定罪。)

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8. Scope: Broad, may cover social, political, or administrative issues.

   (範圍：廣泛，可能涵蓋社會、政治或行政議題。)

9. Scope: Narrow, case-specific, focused on criminal acts.

   (範圍：狹窄，針對具體案件，重點在於犯罪行為。)

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10. Nature: Fact-finding, often non-criminal.

    (性質：以查明事實為主，通常與非刑事事項有關。)

11. Nature: Criminal, evidence-gathering.

    (性質：屬於刑事範疇，重點在蒐集證據。)

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12. Publicity: Usually public to promote transparency.

    (公開性：通常公開，以促進透明。)

13. Publicity: Often confidential to protect investigation integrity.

    (公開性：通常保密，以維護調查的完整性。)

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14. Outcome: Findings may influence policy or reforms, but no direct penalties.

    (結果：結論可能會影響政策或改革，但不會直接施加處罰。)

15. Outcome: Can lead to prosecution and criminal liability.

    (結果：可能導致起訴及刑事責任。)

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(中文由 ChatGPT 負責翻譯)

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資訊來源：

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Placeholder 湯偉晉編寫的英文字典

Placeholder 湯偉晉編寫的英文字典

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