capstone (頂石)

capstone
頂石
capstone (頂石)
頂石(capstone)


capstone (頂石) [2015-12-23];_資訊來源_teachkidsjesus.com_[2015-12-23].jpg


capstone (頂石){Things break down without the capstone.}[2015-12-23];_資訊來源_capstonebranding.com_[2015-12-23].jpg

capstone course (整合型實務式課程)

capstone course
整合型實務式課程
capstone course (整合型實務式課程)
整合型實務式課程(capstone course)

capstone course
整合型實務課程
capstone course (整合型實務課程)
整合型實務課程(capstone course)

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capstone course
整合式課程
capstone course (整合式課程)
整合式課程(capstone course)

Source:
https://ctld.ntu.edu.tw/doc/Capstone_course.pdf

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capstone course
總整課程
capstone course (總整課程)
總整課程(capstone course)

Source:
財團法人高等教育評鑑中心基金會
http://epaper.heeact.edu.tw/archive/2014/05/01/6152.aspx

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capstone
頂石
capstone (頂石)
頂石(capstone)

Oxidative stress and ageing: is ageing a cysteine deficiency syndrome? (氧化壓力與老化：難道老化是缺乏 半胱胺酸 所引起的症候群嗎？)

Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2005 Dec 29; 360(1464): 2355–2372.
Published online 2005 Nov 3. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2005.1770
PMCID: PMC1569588

Oxidative stress and ageing: is ageing a cysteine deficiency syndrome?
氧化壓力與老化：難道老化是缺乏 半胱胺酸 所引起的症候群嗎？

Wulf Dröge
Division of Redox Physiology and Aging Research, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

ABSTRACT
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are constantly produced in biological tissues and play a role in various signaling pathways. Abnormally high ROS concentrations cause oxidative stress associated with tissue damage and dysregulation of physiological signals. There is growing evidence that oxidative stress increases with age. It has also been shown that the life span of worms, flies and mice can be significantly increased by mutations which impede the insulin receptor signaling cascade. Molecular studies revealed that the insulin-independent basal activity of the insulin receptor is increased by ROS and downregulated by certain antioxidants. Complementary clinical studies confirmed that supplementation of the glutathione precursor cysteine decreases insulin responsiveness in the fasted state. In several clinical trials, cysteine supplementation improved skeletal muscle functions, decreased the body fat/lean body mass ratio, decreased plasma levels of the inflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α), improved immune functions, and increased plasma albumin levels. As all these parameters degenerate with age, these findings suggest: (i) that loss of youth, health and quality of life may be partly explained by a deficit in cysteine and (ii) that the dietary consumption of cysteine is generally suboptimal and everybody is likely to have a cysteine deficiency sooner or later.

Keywords: cysteine in vivo, redox status, muscle functions, immune functions, inflammatory cytokines, insulin signaling, aging

... other content omitted for brevity ...

Properly done, cysteine supplementation can reasonably be expected to improve the quality of life in old age. With the availability of novel cysteine delivery systems with minimum amounts of calories, which are superior to any of the naturally available cysteine sources, it is conceivable that even the maximum human life span may be increased beyond the previous limit.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

scholar (學者)

scholar
學者
scholar (學者)
學者(scholar)

instruction compression (指令壓縮)

instruction compression
指令壓縮
instruction compression (指令壓縮)
指令壓縮(instruction compression)

in other words (換句話說)

in other words
換句話說
in other words (換句話說)
換句話說(in other words)

Usage Example (使用方式的例子、例句或實例):
The Intel 4004 is considered the first microprocessor—in other words, the first general-purpose computer on a chip—but its creation by Intel came down to a combination of hard work, the right timing, and just plain luck.

中華民國行政院_政策小辭典 [2015-12-10]

中華民國行政院_政策小辭典 [2015-12-10]


中華民國行政院_政策小辭典 [2015-12-10]
中華民國行政院_政策小辭典 [2015-12-10]