Phosphorus (磷)

Phosphorus
磷
Phosphorus (磷)
磷 (Phosphorus)

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(1) Phosphorus is a chemical element with the symbol P and atomic number 15.

（磷是一種化學元素，符號是 P，原子序是 15。）

(2) It is a nonmetal that exists in several allotropic forms, the most common being white phosphorus, red phosphorus, and black phosphorus.

（它是一種非金屬元素，具有幾種同素異形體，最常見的包括白磷、紅磷和黑磷。）

(3) White phosphorus is highly reactive, waxy, and glows in the dark due to slow oxidation — a phenomenon called chemiluminescence.

（白磷具有高度的反應性，外觀呈蠟狀，並且會在黑暗中發光，這是由於緩慢氧化所產生的現象，稱為化學發光。）

(4) Red phosphorus is more stable and less toxic, commonly used in safety matches, fireworks, and pesticides.

（紅磷較穩定且毒性較低，常被用於安全火柴、煙火以及殺蟲劑中。）

(5) Black phosphorus is the least reactive form and has a layered structure similar to graphite; it has attracted attention for potential use in semiconductors and nanotechnology.

（黑磷是最不具反應性的形式，具有類似石墨的層狀結構；由於其在半導體與奈米科技領域的潛在應用而受到關注。）

(6) Phosphorus is essential for life, as it is a key component of DNA, RNA, ATP, and phospholipids in cell membranes.

（磷是生命不可或缺的元素，因為它是DNA、RNA、ATP以及細胞膜中磷脂的主要成分。）

(7) It is commonly obtained from phosphate rocks, which are mined and processed for use in fertilizers and industrial chemicals.

（磷通常從磷礦石中提取，這些礦石經開採與加工後可用於肥料與工業化學品。）

(8) Phosphorus compounds play important roles in energy metabolism, signaling pathways, and biochemical regulation in all living organisms.

（磷化合物在所有生物體內的能量代謝、訊息傳遞途徑與生化調節中都扮演重要角色。）

(9) However, elemental phosphorus—especially the white form—is toxic and flammable, and must be handled with great care.

（然而，元素態的磷——特別是白磷——有毒且易燃，必須非常小心地處理。）

(中文由 ChatGPT 負責翻譯)

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