Sampling
R.S. Brown, in International Encyclopedia of Education (Third Edition), 2010
Sampling Frame
The sampling frame is the list of sample units from which the sample is drawn. A perfect frame is one in which each element in the population is separately listed once, only once, and no other population irrelevant or extraneous elements are listed. However, not all sampling frames are perfect, and it takes effort and attention to review potential sampling frames to ensure that they are free from error or that the errors in the frames can be addressed. Kish (1965) identifies four primary problems with sampling frames. The first problem is that some sampling frames are incomplete; thus, they do not include all available elements or sample units from the population. Another problem involves clustering of elements within a single listing, which violates the notion that each element be listed separately. A third problem deals with blanks listing or foreign listings in a sampling frame. This violates the rule that each listing should contain a single element. The fourth primary problem with sampling frames is that occasionally duplicate elements appear in the listing. This violates the edict that each element should be listed only once in a sampling frame.
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