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asthma (氣喘) |
asthma
氣喘
asthma (氣喘)
氣喘 (asthma)【名詞】
#
Glutathione Redox Control of Asthma： From
Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Opportunities
針對氣喘的穀胱甘肽氧化還原控制機制：從分子機制到治療的機會
Glutathione Redox Control of Asthma： From
Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Opportunities [2012]; Dean P. Jones, Emory
University;_WJD_2017-0312_V001R01_IR94_
Source (資訊來源):
Info cited on 2017-03-12-WD7 (資訊引用於 中華民國106年3月12日) by 湯偉晉
(WeiJin Tang)
#
Source (資訊來源):
Info cited on 2017-03-12-WD7 (資訊引用於 中華民國106年3月12日) by 湯偉晉
(WeiJin Tang)
#
III. Distribution
of Glutathione in the Body
GSH is
present in all tissues and fluids throughout the body. Although the GSH content of bodily fluids is significantly lower (up to 1000-fold) than that found in tissues, all cells release GSH,
suggesting that it is essential
for cellular
function and defense (231). The total amount of GSH in the body
is therefore ∼15 g, of which 5 g
is cysteine. This
bodily GSH is distributed in all the major organ systems, including the lungs.
However, the liver has the
highest GSH content (about 4 g
or 20% of all bodily GSH), although liver GSH concentrations fluctuate somewhat according to the
time of day, the composition of the diet, and bodily demands (36). The cysteine content of these
liver GSH stores is nearly equal to the daily recommended dietary intake of
total sulfur amino acids (methionine plus cysteine), which is ∼1.1 g/day for a 60-kg woman (equal to 2.7 g/day of GSH) and ∼1.4 g/day
for a 75-kg adult male (equal to 3.3 g/day of GSH) (93). Thus, the GSH content of the liver
can be quickly depleted in ∼1 day with fasting and starvation. In
otherwise healthy individuals, homeostatic
mechanisms prevent hepatic GSH stores from becoming too low during these
conditions and GSH is instead derived from muscle and other tissues (210).
However, the entire body has
only a 4-day GSH reserve. Although the majority of adult males and
females in the United States consume more than the daily recommended intake of
sulfur amino acids (90), these
GSH losses can be of importance during prolonged states of protein/energy
insufficiency (including catabolic illness) or in individuals with chronic
inflammatory illnesses such as alcoholism where GSH stores are otherwise
depleted (94, 352).
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