hydrophilic antioxidant (親水性抗氧化劑)

hydrophilic antioxidant (親水性抗氧化劑)

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與您剛才討論的內容相呼應，親水性抗氧化劑（Hydrophilic Antioxidants，亦稱為水溶性抗氧化劑） 存在於細胞質、細胞間隙以及皮膚角質層的水相部分中。它們通常是人體對抗氧化壓力的「第一道防線」。

以下是針對親水性抗氧化劑的詳細說明與逐句翻譯：

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常見的親水性抗氧化劑 (Common Hydrophilic Antioxidants)

• Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is perhaps the most well-known hydrophilic antioxidant, essential for collagen synthesis and neutralizing free radicals in water-based environments.

  (維生素 C（抗壞血酸）或許是最著名的親水性抗氧化劑，對於膠原蛋白合成以及在中和水基環境中的自由基至關重要。)

• Glutathione (GSH) is a major intracellular antioxidant that plays a key role in detoxifying harmful compounds and maintaining the redox state of cells.

  (穀胱甘肽 (GSH) 是一種主要的細胞內抗氧化劑，在有害化合物的解毒以及維持細胞氧化還原狀態中扮演關鍵角色。)

• Uric acid, often found in the skin surface and blood, acts as a scavenger of singlet oxygen and hydroxyl radicals.

  (尿酸通常存在於皮膚表面和血液中，作為單線態氧和羥自由基的清除劑。)

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功能與特性 (Functions and Characteristics)

• These molecules are highly soluble in water and are distributed throughout the aqueous compartments of the skin layers.

  (這些分子高度溶於水，並分佈於整個皮膚層的水性區域中。)

• They provide immediate protection by reacting with reactive oxygen species (ROS) before they can reach the lipid membranes.

  (它們透過在活性氧 (ROS) 到達脂質膜之前與其反應，來提供即時的保護。)

• Hydrophilic antioxidants such as Vitamin C can also regenerate oxidized Vitamin E, linking the water-soluble and fat-soluble defense systems.

  (維生素 C 等親水性抗氧化劑還可以使被氧化的維生素 E 再生，從而將水溶性和脂溶性防禦系統聯繫起來。)

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在角質層中的分佈 (Distribution in the Stratum Corneum)

根據您之前提供的研究摘要：

• Unlike lipophilic antioxidants, hydrophilic ones like vitamin C and glutathione exhibit a distinct concentration gradient in the stratum corneum.

  (與親脂性抗氧化劑不同，維生素 C 和穀胱甘肽等親水性抗氧化劑在角質層中表現出明顯的濃度梯度。)

• Their high susceptibility to ozone (O3) makes them sensitive biomarkers for environmental oxidative damage to the skin.

  (它們對臭氧 ($O_3$) 的高度敏感性，使其成為衡量環境氧化對皮膚損傷的敏感生物標記。)

親水性抗氧化劑就像是皮膚的「水性屏障」，負責捕捉那些試圖滲透進皮膚的水溶性污染物和自由基。

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資訊來源：

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Placeholder 湯偉晉編寫的英文字典

Placeholder 湯偉晉編寫的英文字典

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