湯偉晉 管理的部落格

2025年10月10日 星期五

Stereoisomer (立體異構物)

Stereoisomer
立體異構物
Stereoisomer (
立體異構物)
立體異構物 (Stereoisomer)

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### Stereoisomers — Explanation

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立體異構物(Stereoisomers)— 解釋

Stereoisomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula and the same sequence of bonded atoms, but differ in the three-dimensional arrangement of their atoms in space.
立體異構物是具有相同分子式與相同原子連接順序的分子,但它們在三維空間中原子的排列方式不同。

This difference in spatial arrangement gives stereoisomers distinct physical and sometimes chemical properties.
由於空間排列的差異,立體異構物在物理性質上,甚至在某些情況下於化學性質上也會有所不同。

There are two main types of stereoisomers: enantiomers and diastereomers.
立體異構物主要分為兩種類型:對映異構物(enantiomers)與非對映異構物(diastereomers)。

Enantiomers are a pair of stereoisomers that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other, like left and right hands.
對映異構物是一對互為鏡像且無法重疊的分子,就像左手與右手的關係一樣。

They have identical physical properties (such as melting point and density) but may rotate plane-polarized light in opposite directions and behave differently in biological systems.
它們具有相同的物理性質(例如熔點與密度),但會以相反方向旋轉平面偏振光,並在生物系統中可能展現不同的活性。

Diastereomers, on the other hand, are stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other.
非對映異構物則是彼此之間並非鏡像關係的立體異構物。

They usually have different physical and chemical properties, such as boiling points, solubilities, and reactivities.
它們通常在物理與化學性質上有所差異,例如沸點、溶解度與反應性。

A common example of stereoisomerism occurs in sugars and amino acids, where molecular orientation determines biological function.
立體異構現象常見於糖類與胺基酸中,其中分子構型的差異會決定其生物功能。

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