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political persecution (政治迫害) 相較於 witch hunt (政治追殺，獵巫行動) 湯偉晉編寫的英文字典
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The terms "political persecution" and "witch hunt" both describe unfair treatment, often motivated by power struggles, but they differ in meaning, usage, and tone.
（術語 「政治迫害」 和 「獵巫行動」 都描述了不公平的對待，通常源自權力鬥爭的動機，但它們在意義、用法和語氣上有所不同。）
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### 1. Definition and Focus
（1. 定義與重點）
- Political persecution
→ The systematic mistreatment of individuals or groups because of their political beliefs, affiliations, or activities.
（指因個人的政治信仰、政治立場或政治活動，而對其個人或群體進行系統性迫害。）
✅ *Focuses on actual repression for political reasons.*
（重點在於基於政治理由的實際壓迫。）
- Witch hunt
→ Originally referred to literal hunts for witches, but now it's used metaphorically to describe irrational, often baseless, campaigns to accuse and punish people—usually without solid evidence.
（原本是指對女巫的實際獵殺行動，但如今被比喻性地用來形容一種不理性、通常缺乏根據的運動，旨在指控並懲罰他人——通常沒有確鑿證據。）
✅ *Focuses on hysteria and false accusations, not necessarily political.*
（重點在於集體歇斯底里與虛假指控，不一定涉及政治。）
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### 2. Usage Context
（2. 使用情境）
- Political persecution
→ Often used in serious legal, academic, or human rights contexts, e.g., “He sought asylum due to political persecution.”
（常用於法律、學術或人權等嚴肅語境中，例如：「他因政治迫害而尋求庇護。」）
- Witch hunt
→ Often used in informal or rhetorical language, especially in politics or media, e.g., “This investigation is a witch hunt!”
（常用於非正式或修辭性語言中，特別是在政治或媒體領域，例如：「這場調查是場獵巫行動！」）
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### 3. Tone and Connotation
（3. 語氣與含義）
- Political persecution
→ Neutral to grave in tone; suggests a real injustice.
（語氣中性至嚴肅；暗示存在真正的不公義。）
- Witch hunt
→ Highly emotional or defensive; sometimes used to discredit investigations, even if they're legitimate.
（語氣情緒化或防衛性很強；有時用來詆毀調查行動，即使那些調查本身是正當的。）
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### 4. Real vs. Alleged
（4. 真實 vs. 指控）
- Political persecution
→ Typically describes real oppression based on evidence.
（通常用來描述有證據的實際壓迫行為。）
- Witch hunt
→ Often used by people who feel falsely targeted—it can itself be a rhetorical claim, even if the investigation is valid.
（常被那些覺得自己被冤枉攻擊的人使用——即使調查本身是正當的，它也可能只是一種修辭上的指控。）
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### ✅ Example Comparison
（✅ 範例比較）
- “The regime jailed dissidents for criticizing the government — a clear case of political persecution.”
（這個政權因異議人士批評政府而將其監禁——這是政治迫害的明顯案例。）
- “He called the corruption charges a witch hunt, claiming they were politically motivated and unfounded.”
（他稱貪污指控是一場獵巫行動，聲稱這些指控是出於政治動機且毫無根據。）
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Would you like examples from history or current events to further clarify the distinction?
（您是否想要一些歷史或當前事件的例子，以進一步釐清這兩者的差異？）
(中文由 ChatGPT 負責翻譯)
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