2025年4月6日星期日

brain parenchyma (腦實質)

brain parenchyma (腦實質) 是一種薄壁組織。

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brain parenchyma (腦實質) 湯偉晉編寫的英文字典

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Glutathione and Nitric Oxide: Key Team Players in Use and Disuse of Skeletal Muscle

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Glutathione and Nitric Oxide: Key Team Players in Use and Disuse of Skeletal Muscle PY2019 IR95 教材

資訊來源：

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6836164/

重點

skeletal muscle represents the largest pool of GSH (5 mM) in the human body since muscle accounts for about 40% of body mass

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Glutathione and Nitric Oxide: Key Team Players in Use and Disuse of Skeletal Muscle 湯偉晉編寫的英文字典

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Operational Definition (操作型定義)

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Spontaneous Regression (自發性消退)

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Spontaneous Regression (自發性消退) 湯偉晉編寫的英文字典

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Vancomycin (萬古黴素)

開始_電腦翻譯的中文

Vancomycin: a bacterial antibiotic used against resistant strains of streptococcus and staphylococcus.

萬古黴素：一種用於對抗鏈球菌和葡萄球菌抗藥性菌株的細菌抗生素。

結束_電腦翻譯的中文

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shopper (購物者)

shopper (購物者，購買者)

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shopper (購物者，購買者)

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administrative leave (行政休假)

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postmortem (事後的檢討)

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postmortem (死後的)

postmortem (驗屍)

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postmortem (驗屍)

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report (報告)

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postmortem report (驗屍報告)

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American (美國的，美國人的)

in American high schools (在美國的高中)

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high school (高中)

in American high schools (在美國的高中)

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in American high schools (在美國的高中)

high school (高中)

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2025年4月5日星期六

numbness (麻木)

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numbness (麻木)

numbness (麻木，麻麻的沒有感覺)

median nerve (正中神經) 湯偉晉編寫的英文字典

area of pain and numbness (疼痛和麻木的部位) 湯偉晉編寫的英文字典

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joint pain (關節疼痛，關節痛)

joint pain (關節疼痛)

joint pain (關節痛)

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Placeholder 湯偉晉編寫的英文字典

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synovial membrane (滑膜)

synovitis: inflammation of a synovial membrane (滑膜炎：滑膜的發炎)

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synovitis (滑膜炎)

synovitis: inflammation of a synovial membrane (滑膜炎：滑膜的發炎)

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joint swelling (關節腫脹)

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Defending Democracy (捍衛民主)

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資訊來源：

https://youtu.be/8HfXI4d1byk?si=EUbeDKdYzdkkjgXA

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Defending Democracy (捍衛民主) 湯偉晉編寫的英文字典

2025年4月4日星期五

substrate recognition

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substrate-binding site

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dark vision (暗視力)

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Lacrimal gland (淚腺)

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Dacryoadenitis (淚腺炎)

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acinar cell

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lacrimal functional unit

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Oxidative Stress in the Protection and Injury of the Lacrimal Gland and the Ocular Surface: are There Perspectives for Therapeutics PY2022 IR95 Glutathione 教材

資訊來源：

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8963457/

lacrimal functional unit (LFU)

The LFU is defined as a system that integrates the ocular surface, the central nervous system (CNS) and the exocrine glands responsible for the tear film. The ocular surface is composed of the cornea, the conjunctiva, and the lids that send sensorial neural inputs to the CNS, and throughout the autonomic nervous system, they provide feedback with stimuli to the exocrine glands, modulating the volume and content of the tear film that wets and nourishes the ocular surface. Among these exocrine glands are the lacrimal gland (LG), Meibomian glands (MG), accessory glands and the epithelial layer of the ocular surface, with their constitutive and regulated secretory and paracrine capacity (Bron and Seal 1986; Halliwell and Gutteridge 1990; Crouch et al., 1991; Droge 2002; Stern et al., 2004; Rocha et al., 2008).

OS is ubiquitous and has been implicated in the protective and pathogenic mechanisms of dry eye (DE) and ocular surface diseases. Therefore, any proposal of therapeutic modulation of those reactions must consider its dual effect (Morrison and Allen 1966; Fridovich 2013; Forman 2016).

As a protector, OS works against microorganisms and other sources of free radicals, maintaining homeostasis and triggering the response to protect against other harmful events that challenge the LFU. In a recent study on tear proteomics, the comparison between healthy and DE individuals revealed that lactoperoxidase (LPO) is the most downregulated enzyme in the DE group (Soria et al., 2017). In parallel, the increase in various proinflammatory proteins in their tears was confirmed in previous studies that used LPO as a biomarker of dysfunction for DE and LFU, as detailed below (Bromberg et al., 1989; Soria et al., 2017).

Throughout evolution, heme peroxidases, similar to myeloperoxidase (MPO), LPO, salivary peroxidase (SPO), and thyroid peroxidase (TPO), were found to be key enzymes for modulating the OS process in the cytoplasmic and secretory fluids (Davies et al., 2008). Antioxidants or free radical scavengers are incorporated into the innate immune arsenal, hormone synthesis and exocrine secretions, generating ROS with antimicrobial actions and counterbalancing the actions of other OS-related enzymes, including the glutathione peroxidases (GPx) family (Morrison and Allen 1966; Petrides and Nauseef 2000; Ihalin et al., 2006; Davies et al., 2008). Recently, a family of six protein isoforms called peroxiredoxins was described, and their structure and function associated with OS were further detailed (Rhee et al., 2012).

As a disease mediator, GPx levels and ROS accumulation have been identified as biomarkers and implicated in the protective mechanisms and damage triggered by the LFU (Wakamatsu et al., 2008). The expression and activity of these markers were associated with DE caused by hormone deficits, systemic autoimmune diseases, microelement deficiency, pollution, and ocular surface disease not necessarily related to systemic conditions (Bakker et al., 2005; Davies et al., 2008; Wakamatsu et al., 2008; Kawashima et al., 2010; Kojima et al., 2012; Uchino et al., 2012; Cejkova and Cejka 2015; Jung et al., 2018).

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peroxiredoxin

Recently, a family of six protein isoforms called peroxiredoxins was described, and their structure and function associated with OS were further detailed (Rhee et al., 2012).

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glutathione peroxidase

glutathione peroxidase (GPx)

glutathione peroxidases (GPx) family

As a disease mediator, GPx levels and ROS accumulation have been identified as biomarkers and implicated in the protective mechanisms and damage triggered by the LFU (Wakamatsu et al., 2008).

資訊來源：

Oxidative Stress in the Protection and Injury of the Lacrimal Gland and the Ocular Surface: are There Perspectives for Therapeutics PY2022 IR95 Glutathione 教材

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thyroid peroxidase

thyroid peroxidase (TPO)

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salivary peroxidase

salivary peroxidase (SPO)

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myeloperoxidase

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heme peroxidase

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lactoperoxidase

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Our commitment is clear. (我們的承諾是明確的。)

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Our commitment is very clear. (我們的承諾是非常明確的。)

Our commitment is very clear. (我們的承諾非常明確。)

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public business (公眾的事務)

red tape: excessive bureaucracy or adherence to rules and formalities, especially in public business (繁文縟節：過度的官僚或墨守成規，尤其是在公眾的事務上)

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especially in public business (尤其是在公眾的事務上)

red tape: excessive bureaucracy or adherence to rules and formalities, especially in public business (繁文縟節：過度的官僚或墨守成規，尤其是在公眾的事務上)

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red tape (繁文縟節)

red tape: excessive bureaucracy or adherence to rules and formalities, especially in public business (繁文縟節：過度的官僚或墨守成規，尤其是在公眾的事務上)

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supremacy clause (最高條款)

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中華民國114年

西元2025年4月4日星期五

supremacy clause (最高條款)

What is ”supremacy clause” in simple terms?

The Supremacy Clause refers to the foundational principle that, in general, federal law takes precedence over any conflicting state law.

資訊來源：

https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/supremacy_clause#:~:text=The%20Supremacy%20Clause%20refers%20to,over%20any%20conflicting%20state%20law.

中文版的美國的憲法，公布在美國在台協會的官方網站 2025-0404

資訊來源：

https://web-archive-2017.ait.org.tw/zhtw/PUBS/Constitution/constitution.htm

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2025年4月3日星期四

IARC

International Agency for Research on Cancer (國際癌症研究中心)

International Agency for Research on Cancer (國際癌症研究機構)

IARC

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International Agency for Research on Cancer (國際癌症研究機構)

International Agency for Research on Cancer (國際癌症研究中心)

International Agency for Research on Cancer (國際癌症研究機構)

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International Agency for Research on Cancer (國際癌症研究中心)

International Agency for Research on Cancer (國際癌症研究機構)

International Agency for Research on Cancer, IARC (國際癌症研究中心，IARC)

國際癌症研究中心(International Agency for Research on Cancer, IARC)

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訂閱：文章 (Atom)

2025年4月6日 星期日

Glutathione and Nitric Oxide: Key Team Players in Use and Disuse of Skeletal Muscle PY2019 IR95 教材

2025年4月5日 星期六

2025年4月4日 星期五

2025年4月3日 星期四

湯偉晉 管理的部落格

搜尋 湯偉晉 編寫的英文字典(Search Dictionary)

網誌存檔

標籤的類別 (Label Category)

Search Dictionary by WeiJin Tang (搜尋 湯偉晉 寫的 字典)

WeiJin Tang (湯偉晉) at Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China

著作人

追蹤者

搜尋 湯偉晉 寫的 字典; 網誌或是部落格的文章

2025年4月6日星期日

2025年4月5日星期六

2025年4月4日星期五

2025年4月3日星期四

湯偉晉管理的部落格

搜尋湯偉晉編寫的英文字典(Search Dictionary)

Search Dictionary by WeiJin Tang (搜尋湯偉晉寫的字典)

搜尋湯偉晉寫的字典; 網誌或是部落格的文章