Microglial cell

Microglial cells are monocyte–macrophage cells resident in the brain. In brain tissue, under physiological conditions, microglia cells are found in a quiescent state throughout the brain parenchyma, accounting for about 15% of the cell population [46], they are responsible for maintaining brain homeostasis by ensuring and controlling neuronal tropism [47]. At the morphological level, the microglia have narrow soma and long dynamic branches, which act as sentinels of the surrounding microenvironment.