paternity testing (親子鑑定)

paternity testing
親子鑑定
paternity testing (親子鑑定)
親子鑑定 (paternity testing)

DNA paternity testing
DNA 親子鑑定
DNA paternity testing (DNA 親子鑑定)
DNA 親子鑑定 (DNA paternity testing)

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DNA paternity testing is the use of DNA profiles to determine whether an individual is the biological parent of another individual. Paternity testing can be especially important when the rights and duties of the father are in issue and a child's paternity is in doubt. Tests can also determine the likelihood of someone being a biological grandparent. Though genetic testing is the most reliable standard, older methods also exist, including ABO blood group typing, analysis of various other proteins and enzymes, or using human leukocyte antigen antigens. The current techniques for paternity testing are using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Paternity testing can now also be performed while the woman is still pregnant from a blood draw.
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